Shampoo Bars Tutorial
Today I finally got a chance to get into the lab and do some playing around with solid shampoo. Previously, I had made some with less than natural ingredients but wanted to stick to natural or organic accepted ones - everyone makes shampoo bars with the usual suspects and I wanted to do something a little different and for them to be a bit more 'green' friendly.
What are Shampoo Bars?
Shampoo bars are essentially concentrated surfactants which are bound together with either fats, emulsifiers, water or a mixture of all. In the case of the ones containing water to bind, once the water evaporates, the particles of surfactant essentially clump together in a mass. I believe shampoo bars have become very popular by Lush. People like them because they have zero waste - no packaging is needed so they are environmentally friendly in that sense. They are also really handy for travelling for the same reason - you can use them on your hair and your body - I liken them to synthetic detergent bars but they are, on the main, a lot sudsier and cleansing as they are highly concentrated. The following are four different shampoo bars made with natural ingredients, from a very simple surfactant, water and fragrance to more complicated conditioning shampoo bars. I have a disclaimer. I made these today - it took me from 9am-1pm so they are not optimised, and some are (after testing) better than others. But they are a good start in my opinion.
The Really Simple One: Lavender Shampoo Bar
The Formula
| Lavender Shampoo Bar | 100g BATCH | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PHASE | INGREDIENT | INCI | % USED | GRAMS |
| 1 | SCS | Sodium coco sulphate | 83.90% | 83.90 |
| 1 | Lavender buds | Lavandula angustifolia flower | 00.60% | 00.60 |
| 1 | Lavender Essential oil | Lavandula angustifolia flower oil | 02.00 | 02.00 |
| 1 | Lavender vinegar | Vinegar, Lavandula angustifolia flower extract | 13.50 | 13.50 |
| BOTANICALFORMULATIONS.COM | ||||
Method
Weigh out dry ingredients and essential oil and stir well
weigh the lavender water into the dry mixture
mix well and mould with hands or use some kind of shampoo bar press
I use sodium coco sulphate pearls or prill. This makes it a nice texture. Similarly you could use sodium lauryl sulphate or sodium laureth sulphate. This can be easily adapted. You can make it super simple with just water and sodium coco sulphate. Simply replace the essential oil with water and substitute the lavender buds with the surfactant (wet ingredient for wet and dry for dry)
Mango and Sea Buckthorn Conditioning Shampoo Bar
| Mango and Sea Buckthorn Shampoo Bar | 100g BATCH | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PHASE | INGREDIENT | INCI | % USED | GRAMS |
| 1 | Sucramulse 163 | Glyceryl Stearate & Cetyl Alcohol & Sucrose Stearate & Sucrose Tristearate | 5.00 | 5.00 |
| 1 | Varisoft EQ 65 | Distearoylethyl Dimonium Chloride (and) Cetearyl Alcohol | 8.00 | 8.00 |
| 1 | Mango Butter | Mangifera Indica (Mango) Seed Butter | 5.00 | 5.00 |
| 2 | Sea Buckthorn Co2 Extract | Hippophae rhamnoides fruit extract, Helianthus annus seed oil, Rosmarinus officinalis leaf extract | 4.00 | 4.00 |
| 2 | Mango Fragrance (natural) | Mangifera Indica Extract | 4.00 | 4.00 |
| 2 | SCS | Sodium coco sulphate | 74.00 | 74.00 |
| BOTANICALFORMULATIONS.COM | ||||
Method:
Weigh out 1-3 and melt in a double boiler or a hot plate
Once melted take liquid off the heat
Weigh out and add the sodium cocoyl sulphate and the fragrance to the liquid
Stir well, mold with hands and leave to set
I have used a conditioning emulsifier and a COSMOS accepted emulsifier - Sucramulse 163. You could try using a different all in one emulsifier and you can use BTMS 50 instead of the Varisoft EQ 65. Sea Buckthorn oil is a viscous oil but I expect you could swap it out for another liquid-at-room-temp oil if you don't have Sea Buckthorn - but that gives it the rich orange colour which adds an interesting feature.
Broccoli and Capuacu Shine Bright Shampoo Bar
This is a bit of a mouthful - but it sounds good!
The Formula
| Broccoli and Cupuacu Shine Bright Shampoo Bar | 100g BATCH | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PHASE | INGREDIENT | INCI | % USED | GRAMS |
| 1 | Emulsense | Brassicyl Isoleucinate Esylate (and) Brassica Alcohol | 10.00 | 10.00 |
| 1 | Capuacu Butter | Theobroma grandiflorum (Cupuacu) Butter | 2.50 | 2.50 |
| 1 | Lanette O | Cetearyl alcohol | 2.50 | 2.50 |
| 2 | Broccoli seed oil | Brassica Oleracea Italica (Broccoli) Seed Oil | 5.00 | 5.00 |
| 2 | Sodium coco sulphate | Sodium coco sulphate | 75.40 | 75.40 |
| 2 | Blue Malva | Malva Sylvestris | 0.60 | 0.60 |
| Jasmine Essential oil | Jasminum Officinale (Jasmine) Oil | 4.00 | 4.00 | |
| BOTANICALFORMULATIONS.COM | ||||
Method
Weigh and melt 1-4 and take off heat
Weigh and add 5-7 in order
Stir well, mold with hands and allow to cool
This formula contains a COSMOS and EcoCert cationic emulsifier derived from Broccoli seed oil as well as highly moisturising Capuacu butter and Broccoli Seed oil, thought to add shine to dull hair.
Rosemary Shampoo Block
The Formula
| Rosemary Shampoo Block | 100g BATCH | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PHASE | INGREDIENT | INCI | % USED | GRAMS |
| 1 | Sodium coco sulphate | Sodium coco sulphate | 62.50 | 62.50 |
| 1 | Sodium cocoyl glutamate | Sodium cocoyl glutamate | 18.00 | 18.00 |
| 1 | Dehyquart Guar HP | Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride | 4.00 | 4.00 |
| 1 | Rosemary Essential oil | Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) leaf oil | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| 1 | Water | Aqua | 13.50 | 13.50 |
| BOTANICALFORMULATIONS.COM | ||||
Method:
Mix 1-5 in order
Add water and mix well
Mould with hands or using a puck
Post-making observations:
They are all pretty good, have good foaming power and work well. They take about 12-24 hours to harden, however the one with cationic guar takes well over a week; so be prepared for it to be soft for a while, but it will eventually harden up.
Creative suggestions:
You can use colour - normally you only need a small amount which, depending on the type will be subbed from your water or dry component. So if you use oxides you can take that from the dry surfactant, similarly, the water-based pigment will come from your wet ingredients. Normally you would only need between 03-0.5%. How about adding botanicals like rose, heather, lavender or chamomile? You will only need about 0.5-1% of this, which you can take from the dry component in the formula. It's really nice to use colours that contrast - so you might want to use yellow colour for the surfactant and possibly a darker botanical like blue Malva, or lavender to offset. Using pink and a light base also works well with rosebuds! I had a thought, it is good to play around with the oils and emulsifiers in the formula - possibly you could have more oil than emulsifier which would make it a little more liquid, it may still be a good binder for the shampoo bar. I think that the more wax that coats the surfactant, the less foamy and cleansing it will be so adding more oil to the emulsifier might help. But it is a careful balance. Remember these are rudimentary formulas so they may not be perfect, but they are still a good way to get started with making nice shampoo bars!